Culex pipiens L (Northern House Mosquito), common in the northern states. It is found in standing water that is polluted. Typical breeding areas are old tires with water, birdbaths, clogged gutters, and storm drains.
Culex quinquefasciatus (formerly Culex fatigans) (Southern House Mosquito) ‐ It is common in tropic and subtropic areas, and common in Florida. They prefer stagnant and foul water for breeding, such as containers with old tires, waste water, bird baths, slow flowing drains and sewer retention ponds. It commonly transmits the St. Louis encephalitis virus and West Nile Virus.
Culex restuans (White-dotted Mosquito) ‐ similar to the culex pipiens, but found more in the central and eastern states. Typical breeding areas are in containers, pools, ditches, woodland pools, water with decaying vegetation.
This mosquito species is responsible for transmitting filariasis, which is a parasitic disease that affects the lymphatic system. It breeds in clean and slow-moving water, such as in ponds and swamps, and is most active during the night.
Signs of a mosquito infestation include the presence of adult mosquitoes, mosquito larvae, and mosquito bites. Adult mosquitoes are most active during the evening and nighttime and can often be seen flying around or resting on surfaces. Mosquitoes also make a characteristic buzzing sound when flying, which can be a sign of their presence. Mosquito larvae, on the other hand, are often found in standing water and can be identified by their small size and wriggling movement.
Another sign of mosquito infestation is the presence of mosquito bites. Mosquito bites typically appear as small, red, itchy bumps on the skin and can occur anywhere on the body. In areas with high mosquito activity, the number of bites may be significant and can cause discomfort and irritation.
Mosquito-borne illnesses are diseases that are transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. Common mosquito-borne illnesses include malaria, dengue fever, Zika virus, chikungunya, and yellow fever. Symptoms of these illnesses can vary from mild to severe and may include fever, headache, muscle and joint pain, rash, and fatigue. In severe cases, these illnesses can lead to complications such as organ failure, neurological damage, and death.
Preventing mosquito bites is an important step in reducing the risk of mosquito-borne illnesses. This can be achieved by using insect repellent, wearing long-sleeved clothing, and avoiding outdoor activities during peak mosquito hours. Eliminating mosquito breeding sites, such as standing water, can also help to reduce the mosquito population and the risk of disease transmission. Vaccines are available for some mosquito-borne illnesses, such as yellow fever, and antimalarial medications can be used to prevent or treat malaria. It is important to seek medical attention if symptoms of a mosquito-borne illness are present, particularly in areas where these diseases are prevalent.
